Sei Ngarava Dziine Marine Mavharuvhu

Mavharuvhu emugungwa zvinhu zvakakosha muzvivakwa zvengarava, zvakagadzirirwa kutonga kuyerera kwemvura yegungwa kupinda nekubuda mumasystem akasiyana ari muchikepe. Mabasa avo ekutanga anovimbisa kushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakanaka kwechikepe chiri pagungwa. Pazasi, tinoongorora zvikonzero nei zvikepe zvine mavharuvhu emugungwa uye mabasa akakosha avanotamba.

1. Mvura Yekunwa yeEssential Systems

Ngarava dzinovimba nemvura yegungwa kune akawanda onboard masisitimu, anosanganisira ekutonhodza injini, anoshanda maballast masisitimu, uye anomhanyisa midziyo yekudzima moto. Mavharuvhu emugungwa anodzora kutorwa kwemvura yegungwa muzvirongwa izvi, kuve nechokwadi kuti inodzorwa uye inobudirira kuyerera. Semuyenzaniso:

• Kutonhodza Masisitimu: Injini nemimwe michina inoda mvura yemugungwa kuti ibvise kupisa uye kuchengetedza tembiricha yakakwana yekushandisa.
• Ballast Systems: Mvura yegungwa inoputirwa mumatangi e-ballast kuburikidza nemavharuvhu egungwa kuchengetedza kugadzikana panguva dzakasiyana dzekurodha.
• Kudzimisa Mwoto System: Pombi zhinji dzemoto dzemugungwa dzinodhonza mvura zvakananga kubva mugungwa, uye mavharuvhu egungwa anodzora kuita uku.

2. Overboard Discharge yeWastewater uye Drainage

Mavharuvhu emugungwa anobvumira kubuda kwakachengeteka kwemvura yakasviba yakacheneswa, mvura yebilge, kana mvura yakawandisa pamusoro pemvura. Vakashongedzerwa nekunyatsotevedzera mitemo yezvakatipoteredza, vanova nechokwadi chekuti zvinosvibisa zvinotarisirwa zvakanaka. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:

• Bilge Systems: Mvura yakawandisa iyo inoungana muchikepe chechikepe inoputirwa pamusoro pemvura kuburikidza nemasisitimu ekuyerera anotungamirirwa nemavharuvhu emugungwa.
• Kuyerera Kwemvura Inotonhorera: Mushure mekutenderera kuburikidza nemasisitimu ekutonhodza, mvura yegungwa inodzingwa ichidzokera mugungwa.

3. Emergency uye Safety Mechanisms

Mavharuvhu emugungwa akakosha kune nzira dzekuchengetedza ngarava, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu ekukurumidzira. Vanogonesa kukurumidza kuparadzaniswa kana kudzokororwa kwekuyerera kwemvura, kuderedza kukuvara.

• Kudzivirira Mafashamo: Kana pakakuvadzwa hull, mamwe mavharuvhu egungwa anogona kutsaura zvikamu zvakakanganisika, kudzivirira mamwe mafashama.
• Dutu Mavharuvhu: Specialized mavharuvhu egungwa, senge mavharuvhu emhepo, anodzivirira kubva pakudzokera shure uye kupinda kwemvura panguva yakaoma yegungwa.

4. Corrosion Resistance uye Kuvimbika muHash Environments

Tichifunga nezvekusangana kwavo nemvura yemunyu uye nemamiriro akanyanya, mavharuvhu e narine anogadzirwa kubva kuzvinhu zvisingaite corrosion senge bronze, simbi isina tsvina, kana specialized alloys. Dhizaini yavo inovimbisa kuvimbika kwenguva refu, kuderedza zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwehurongwa hwengarava.

5. Kutevedza Kwezvakatipoteredza uye Kutonga

Mavharuvhu emazuva ano emugungwa akagadzirwa kuti aenderane nemirairo yepasirese yemugungwa, kusanganisira MARPOL neBallast Water Management magungano. Mitemo iyi inorayira kudzivirira kusvibiswa uye kubata zvakanaka kwemvura yeballast kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.